| Pumping | Settled primary sludge |
| Where | Southern Africa waste water treatment plant |
| Why | Frequency Dry Running Incidents Solids Wear Reduced Suction Capabilities |
| Benefit | Reduced Maintenance Costs Even suction gave consistent sludge quality |
Sludge is often developed in concrete lagoons where it can be drawn off from below. More rudimentary systems require the sludge to pumped from above and demand a combina- tion of high suction and solids handling.
| Pumping | Settled primary sludge |
| Where | Southern Africa waste water treatment plant |
| Why | Frequency Dry Running Incidents Solids Wear Reduced Suction Capabilities |
| Benefit | Reduced Maintenance Costs Even suction gave consistent sludge quality |